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اتصل بالوكيل
The selective recoveries of titanium(IV) and iron(III) from the synthetic hydrochloric acid leach liquor of ilmenite, i.e., 1.8–11 M (1 M=1 mol dm−3) hydrochloric acid solutions containing 0. ...
Although ilmenite and rutile are extensively used to extract TiO2 at the industrial level, through the sulphate and chloride processes, they can also be recognized to possess the potential to be …
ABSTRACT A hydrochloric acid leaching solution of ilmenite contains Fe(III) and Ti(IV) and small amount of Mn(II) and Si(IV). Solvent extraction was employed to separate Ti(IV) and Fe(III) from the leaching solution. The co-extracted Ti(IV) was scrubbed from the loaded Alamine 300 by using a pure Fe(III) solution with 9 M HCl. Ti(IV) was then selectively extracted …
Chloride and sulfate methods of processing ilmenite concentrate are common among acid leaching methods [6]. An excess amount of the appropriate acid and long-term heating are …
The effects of magnesium chloride in increasing extraction of titanium were most pronounced at concentrations of hydrochloric acid that were greater (1.2× and 1.4×) than the stoichiometric amount required for the extraction of titanium and iron as TiCl 4 and FeCl 3. With an increase in magnesium chloride concentration, titanium extraction ...
The result of this study is that the TiO 2 obtained from each acid leaching is hydrochloric acid leaching producing powder pigment with 94.189% TiO 2, acetic acid leaching producing 37.099% TiO 2 ...
Sulfuric acid causes less corrosion and can extract titanium from low grade titanium sources, although it generates a high amount of solid and acid waste. Leaching in weak acids like citric acid requires low acid concentration. This process extracts more titanium than iron but …
Highlights The feasibility to extract Ti from the simulated ilmenite sulfuric acid leachate was investigated. Titanium in the simulated ilmenite sulfuric acid leach liquors can be effectively extracted. An almost complete titanium and iron separation from the simulated leachate was realized with separation factor of 2367. Extracted titanium species possibly included …
In the sulfuric acid process, a titanium-containing product is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain a sulfate solution, which undergoes hydrolysis and …
The sulfate process relies on sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) to leach titanium from ilmenite ore (FeTiO 3). The resulting reaction produces titanyl sulfate (TiOSO 4). A secondary hydroly-sis stage is used to break the titanyl sulfate into hydrated TiO 2 and H 2 SO 4. Finally, heat is used to remove the water and create the end product - pure TiO 2 ...
4. Other Methods of Processing Ilmenite to Extract Titanium Compounds Although sulphate and chloride processes are the two well established methods in the industrial sector, there is still a demand to seek for novel approaches mainly because of several major drawbacks associated with these conventional protocols for extracting TiO2 .
Although ilmenite and rutile are extensively used to extract TiO2 at the industrial level, through the sulphate and chloride processes, they can also be recognized to possess the potential to be ...
Currently, the global yearly production of titanium dioxide is approximately 6 million tons, and its demand grows continuously by an average of 2.5% per year [].Ilmenite is a widespread raw material for the production of titanium dioxide by both the chloride [2,3,4] and sulfate methods.Sulfuric acid leaching of mineral rocks and concentrates containing titanium is …
The extraction of ilmenite minerals using the sulfate route is one of the commercial methods for producing titanium dioxide (TiO2) materials. The sulfate process requires a high concentration of sulfuric acid to achieve high extraction yield of titanium. However, this process also results in the generation of high amounts of sulfuric acid waste.
To this end, a range of basic researches and technologies on manganese recovery from pyrolusite tailings have been conducted. The direct reduction leaching method was considered to be highly efficient, but it was not economically feasible due to the required large amounts of reductant and acid (Nayl et al., 2011).Bioleaching process uses heterotrophic …
The chloride process is more efficient than sulphate ... leaching of ilmenite to extract titanium dioxide via utilizing leaching procedures with various ingredients such as hydrochloric acid ...
In this research, an attempt to investigate the effect of sulfuric acid concentration upon leaching process, hydrolysis of the pregnant solution and calcination of titanyl hydroxide [TiO(OH2] to …
The process is simple in operation; however, calcium sulfate colloid is easily produced, which affects the further extraction of titanium and the filtration of the titanium sulfate solution, as shown in Eq. 23. In addition, the comprehensive management required for the large amount of waste acid produced is a fatal weakness of the sulfuric acid ...
In the sulfate process, the ilmenite ore is dissolved in sulfuric acid solution to prepare titanium sulfate solution. This solution is further purified and hydrolyzed to produce pure TiO 2 . The sulfate process is lengthy and also brings with it tons of unmarketable copperas, spent sulfuric acid and acid-containing waste water for each ton of ...
Ilmenite (FeTiO 3) is a mineral that abundantly available in nature.Its extraction process can provide titanium dioxide (TiO 2) which is useful for various strategic applications including dye-sensitized solar cells, photocatalysts, and water splitting.To obtain TiO 2, ilmenite has to be converted first into titanium oxysulfate (TiOSO 4) precursor.This procedure needs …
Therefore, this research focuses on the preparing TiOSO4 precursor by ilmenite extraction. The process involved hydrothermal reaction with the time variation of 1 to 5 hours, water leaching at...
In short, the initial step of the process involves converting the raw material, ilmenite, into titanium-sulphate through acid digestion. The resulting compound is then hydrolysed to …
Titanium dioxide slags are produced by reduction smelting of ilmenite in electric arc furnaces. The slag grade (sulfate or chloride) depends essentially on the quality of the ore or concentrate fed to the slag furnaces. Upgraded slag or UGS is produced by high-pressure acid leaching of sulfate slag.
A simulated ilmenite leach liquor containing~78 g/L Ti,~35 g/L Fe and~90 g/L sulphuric acid was extracted with Cyanex 923 (a mixture of C 6 and C 8 trialkylphosphine oxides) in kerosene giving 78. ...
Comparing with the sulfate and chloride processes, there are many advantages to apply solvent extraction to recover titanium. First, both extractant and raffinate could be …
Titanium Extraction. Titanium cannot be extracted by reducing the ore using carbon as a cheap reducing agent, like with iron. The problem is that titanium forms a carbide, (ce{TiC}), if it is heated with carbon, so you don't get the pure metal that you need. The presence of the carbide makes the metal very brittle.
A new process of "mechanical activation–hydrochloric acid leaching–concentrated sulfuric acid decomposition–water leaching–separation of Fe 3+ with EDTA during hydrolysis" …
Vanadium does not form concentrated deposits like other metals such as copper, nickel or zinc. It is widely dispersed in the Earth's crust, with V 3+ replacing Fe 3+ or Al 3+ in a number of minerals. Vanadium as V 3+ can substitute for Fe 3+ in magnetite (Wenk and Bulakh, 2004); vanadium(III) and iron(III) ions have near identical ionic radii in octahedral sites of …
TiO2 extraction was conducted using sulphate method, by reacting milled iron sand with sulfuric acid at high temperatures (>110°C) for ± 30 minutes. Titanium extract was then heated at a …
The extraction of titanium(IV) from sulphate, chloride and nitrate solutions has been investigated using 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (EHEHPA) in kerosene.